Fig. 1

Schematic representation of the effect of the mutations in metabolic enzymes IDH, SDH, and FH on histone modification and DNA methylation. Accumulation of d-2-hydroxyglutarate (d-2-HG), succinate and fumarate competitively inhibit TET2, which converts 5-mC to 5-hmC, which is anticipated to cause loss of 5-hmC and global CpG island hypermethylation. In addition, competitive inhibition of histone demethylases causes altered histone modification