Table 1 Patient and clinical characteristics by Alive or Death at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
From: Predictors of survival in patients with sarcoma admitted to the intensive care unit
| Â | All patientsa (NÂ =Â 172) | Alive at ICU dischargeb (NÂ =Â 132) | Death at ICUb (NÂ =Â 40) | p* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | ||||
 Median (IQR) | 52 (38–62) | 52 (38–62) | 53.5(36–66) | 0.65 |
Gender | ||||
 Female | 93 (54.1 %) | 71 (76.3 %) | 22 (23.7 %) |  |
 Male | 79 (45.9 %) | 61 (77.2 %) | 18 (22.8 %) | 0.89†|
Histological diagnosis | ||||
 Unclassified high-grade sarcoma | 43 (25.0 %) | 36 (83.7 %) | 7 (16.3 %) |  |
 Bone sarcomac | 30 (17.4 %) | 21 (70 %) | 9 (30 %) |  |
 Vasculard | 17 (9.9 %) | 16 (94.1 %) | 1 (5.9 %) |  |
 GISTe | 11 (6.4 %) | 10 (90.9 %) | 1 (9.1 %) |  |
 MFHe | 11 (6.4 %) | 6 (54.5 %) | 5 (45.5 %) |  |
 Muscle | 10 (5.8 %) | 7 (70 %) | 3 (30 %) |  |
 Leiomyosarcoma | 13 (7.6 %) | 12 (92.3 %) | 1 (7.7 %) |  |
 Liposarcoma | 7 (4.1 %) | 4 (57.1 %) | 3 (42.9 %) |  |
 Synovial sarcoma | 9 (5.2 %) | 5 (55.6 %) | 4 (44.4 %) |  |
 Others | 21 (12.2 %) | 15 (71.4 %) | 6 (28.6 %) | 0.09 |
Status of malignancy | ||||
 First course of chemotherapy | 29 (16.9 %) | 20 (69 %) | 9 (31 %) |  |
 Progression | 59 (34.3 %) | 45 (76.3 %) | 14 (23.7 %) |  |
 Stable disease or partial remission | 61 (35.5 %) | 50 (82 %) | 11 (18 %) |  |
 Complete remission | 4 (2.3 %) | 4 (100 %) | 0 (0 %) |  |
 Mixed response | 6 (3.5 %) | 4 (66.7 %) | 2 (33.3 %) |  |
 Unknown | 13 (7.6 %) | 9 (69.2 %) | 4 (30.8 %) | 0.57 |
Site of malignancy | ||||
 Head and neck | 15 (8.7 %) | 11 (73.3 %) | 4 (26.7 %) |  |
 Thoracic | 43 (25 %) | 34 (79.1 %) | 9 (20.9 %) |  |
 Abdomen | 71 (41.3 %) | 55 (77.5 %) | 16 (22.5 %) |  |
 Extremities | 43 (25 %) | 32 (74.4 %) | 11 (25.6 %) | 0.94 |
Organ metastasis | ||||
 Lung | ||||
  No | 86 (50 %) | 69 (80.2 %) | 17 (19.8 %) |  |
  Yes | 86 (50 %) | 63 (73.3 %) | 23 (26.7 %) | 0.28 |
 Liver | ||||
  No | 142 (82.6 %) | 108 (76.1 %) | 34 (23.9 %) |  |
  Yes | 30 (17.4 %) | 24 (80 %) | 6 (20 %) | 0.64 |
 Other | ||||
  No | 79 (45.9 %) | 57 (72.2 %) | 22 (27.8 %) |  |
  Yes | 93 (54.1 %) | 75 (80.6 %) | 18 (19.4 %) | 0.19 |
Number of organ metastasis | ||||
 0 | 42 (24.4 %) | 32 (76.2 %) | 10 (23.8 %) |  |
 1 | 54 (31.4 %) | 39 (72.2 %) | 15 (27.8 %) |  |
 ≥2 | 76 (44.2 %) | 61 (80.3 %) | 15 (19.7 %) | 0.56 |
Treatment | ||||
 Current chemotherapy regimen |  |  |  |  |
  None | 43 (25 %) | 34 (79.1 %) | 9 (20.9 %) |  |
  Adriamycin-based | 68 (39.5 %) | 50 (73.5 %) | 18 (26.5 %) |  |
  Gemcitabine-based | 20 (11.6 %) | 13 (65 %) | 7 (35 %) |  |
  Targeted therapy | 41 (23.8 %) | 35 (85.4 %) | 6 (14.6 %) | 0.29 |
 No. cycles of current chemotherapy, median (IQRe) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (1–2) | 0.80†|
 No. cycles of prior chemotherapies, median (IQR) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–2) | 0.037†|
 No. cycles of prior chemotherapies | ||||
  0–1 | 114 (66.3 %) | 88 (77.2 %) | 26 (22.8 %) |  |
  ≥2 | 58 (33.7 %) | 44 (75.9 %) | 14 (24.1 %) | 0.85 |
 Radiation | ||||
  No | 109 (63.7 %) | 80 (73.4 %) | 29 (26.6 %) |  |
  Yes | 62 (36.3 %) | 51 (82.3 %) | 11 (17.7 %) | 0.19 |
Clinical conditions present at ICU admission | ||||
 Anemia | 144 (83.7 %) | 110 (76.4 %) | 34 (23.6 %) | 0.80 |
 Hypotension | 92 (53.5 %) | 63 (68.5 %) | 29 (31.5 %) | 0.006 |
 Septic shock | 53 (30.8 %) | 33 (62.3 %) | 20 (37.7 %) | 0.003 |
 Bacteremia | 21 (12.2 %) | 14 (66.7 %) | 7 (33.3 %) | 0.24 |
 Thrombocytopenia | 86 (5 %) | 68 (79.1 %) | 18 (20.9 %) | 0.47 |
 Respiratory failure | 74 (43 %) | 39 (52.7 %) | 35 (47.3 %) | <0.0001 |
 Acidosis | 70 (40.7 %) | 42 (60 %) | 28 (40 %) | <0.0001 |
 Altered mental status | 65 (37 %) | 42 (64.6 %) | 23 (35.4 %) | 0.003 |
 Abnormal glucose | 60 (34.9 %) | 42 (70 %) | 18 (30 %) | 0.13 |
 Acute renal failure | 58 (33.7 %) | 35 (60.3 %) | 23 (39.7 %) | 0.0003 |
 Pancytopenia | 58 (33.7 %) | 47 (81 %) | 11 (19 %) | 0.34 |
 Pneumonia | 51 (29.7 %) | 32 (62.7 %) | 19 (37.3 %) | 0.005 |
 Neutropenia (ANCe <1500/mm3) | 51 (29.7 %) | 40 (78.4 %) | 11 (21.6 %) | 0.73 |
 Cardiac dysrhythmia | 35 (20.3 %) | 23 (65.7 %) | 12 (34.3 %) | 0.08 |
 Heart failure | 32 (18.6 %) | 21 (65.6 %) | 11 (34.4 %) | 0.10 |
 Hypertension | 25 (14.5 %) | 22 (88 %) | 3 (12 %) | 0.20* |
 Malnutrition (protein/calorie) NOS | 23 (13.4 %) | 15 (65.2 %) | 8 (34.8 %) | 0.16 |
 Hemorrhage | 15 (8.7 %) | 12 (80 %) | 3 (20 %) | 1.0* |
 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 13 (7.6 %) | 12 (92.3 %) | 1 (7.7 %) | 0.30* |
 Cardiac arrest | 11 (6.4 %) | 3 (27.3 %) | 8 (72.7 %) | 0.0004* |
 Pulmonary embolism | 11 (6.4 %) | 8 (72.7 %) | 3 (27.3 %) | 0.72* |
 Atrial fibrillation | 10 (5.8 %) | 7 (70 %) | 3 (30 %) | 0.70* |
 Seizures/convulsions | 9 (5.2 %) | 8 (88.9 %) | 1 (11.1 %) | 0.69* |
ICU admission data | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Mechanical v entilator | 75 (43·6 %) | 40 (30.3 %) | 35 (87.5 %) | <0.0001 |
 Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 6 (6–7) | 6 (6–7) | 6 (4.5–7) | 0.70†|
  ≤2 | 26 (15.1 %) | 19 (73.1 %) | 7 (26.9 %) |  |
  >2 | 146 (84.9 %) | 113 (77.4 %) | 33 (22.6 %) | 0.63 |
 SOFA admission score, median (IQR) | 7 (4–10) | 6 (3.5–9) | 10 (6.5–14) | <0.0001†|
 Max SOFA admission score, median (IQR) | 8 (5–12) | 7 (4–9.5) | 14 (10–17) | <0.0001†|
 SOFA discharge score, median (IQR) | 5 (3–8) | 4 (2–6) | 10 (7.5–13.5) | <0.0001†|
 No. organ failures, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | <0.0001 |